Green Tea Allergies and Capsules

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It’s Q&A Day at 10almonds!

Have a question or a request? You can always hit “reply” to any of our emails, or use the feedback widget at the bottom!

In cases where we’ve already covered something, we might link to what we wrote before, but will always be happy to revisit any of our topics again in the future too—there’s always more to say!

As ever: if the question/request can be answered briefly, we’ll do it here in our Q&A Thursday edition. If not, we’ll make a main feature of it shortly afterwards!

So, no question/request too big or small

❝Hey Sheila – As always, your articles are superb !! So, I have a topic that I’d love you guys to discuss: green tea. I used to try + drink it years ago but I always got an allergic reaction to it. So the question I’d like answered is: Will I still get the same allergic reaction if I take the capsules ? Also, because it’s caffeinated, will taking it interfere with iron pills, other vitamins + meds ? I read that the health benefits of the decaffeinated tea/capsules are not as great as the caffeinated. Any info would be greatly appreciated !! Thanks much !!❞

Hi! I’m not Sheila, but I’ll answer this one in the first person as I’ve had a similar issue:

I found long ago that taking any kind of tea (not herbal infusions, but true teas, e.g. green tea, black tea, red tea, etc) on an empty stomach made me want to throw up. The feeling would subside within about half an hour, but I learned it was far better to circumvent it by just not taking tea on an empty stomach.

However! I take an l-theanine supplement when I wake up, to complement my morning coffee, and have never had a problem with that. In all likelihood, the issue is neither caffeine (or else it’d happen for coffee or other sources of caffeine) nor theanine (or it’d happen for theanine supplements), but rather, the tannins in tea.

Of course, my physiology is not your physiology, and this “shouldn’t” be happening to either of us in the first place, so it’s not something there’s a lot of scientific literature about, and we just have to figure out what works for us.

This last Monday I wrote (inspired in part by your query) about l-theanine supplementation, and how it doesn’t require caffeine to unlock its benefits after all, by the way. So that’s that part in order.

I can’t speak for interactions with your other supplements or medications without knowing what they are, but I’m not aware of any known issue, beyond that l-theanine will tend to give a gentler curve to the expression of some neurotransmitters. So, if for example you’re talking anything that affects that (e.g. antidepressants, antipsychotics, ADHD meds, sleepy/wakefulness meds, etc) then checking with your doctor is best.

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  • How Often Do You Eat Fries?

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    “Fries are not a health food” is not breaking news, but how often can you get away with them before it starts impacting health outcomes?

    Researchers (Dr. Seyed Mousavi et al.) investigated the effects of fries, various kinds of non-fried potatoes, and white vs whole grains, on diabetes risk.

    This was done over the course of three US cohort studies involving a total of a total of 205,107 participants, mostly women, whose diet and health outcomes were followed for 4 decades. Of these participants, 22,299 developed type 2 diabetes.

    Here’s what they found:

    ❝After adjustment for updated body mass index and other diabetes related risk factors, higher intakes of total potatoes and French fries were associated with increased risk of T2D.

    For every increment of three servings weekly of total potato, the rate for T2D increased by 5% (hazard ratio 1.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02 to 1.08) and for every increment of three servings weekly of French fries the rate increased by 20% (1.20, 1.12 to 1.28). Intake of combined baked, boiled, or mashed potatoes was not significantly associated with T2D risk (pooled hazard ratio 1.01, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.05).

    In substitution analyses, replacing three servings weekly of potatoes with whole grains was estimated to lower T2D rates by 8% (95% CI 5% to 11%) for total potatoes, 4% (1% to 8%) for baked, boiled, or mashed potatoes, and 19% (14% to 25%) for French fries. In contrast, replacing total potatoes or baked, boiled, or mashed potatoes with white rice was associated with an increased risk of T2D.

    In a meta-analysis of 13 cohorts (587 081 participants and 43 471 diagnoses of T2D), the pooled hazard ratio for risk of T2D with each increment of three servings weekly of total potato was 1.03 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.05) and of fried potatoes was 1.16 (1.09 to 1.23). In substitution meta-analyses, replacing three servings weekly of total, non-fried, and fried potatoes with whole grains was estimated to lower the risk of T2D by 7% (95% CI 5% to 9%), 5% (3% to 7%), and 17% (12% to 22%), respectively.❞

    That’s a lot of numbers, so let’s break it down, translate it from sciencese, and look at some of the key points.

    In order, we have, for the emprical data:

    • Every extra three servings of total potatoes per week increased risk by 5%
    • Every extra three servings of French fries per week increased risk by 20%
    • Baked, boiled, or mashed potatoes gave no significant change in risk
    • Replacing three weekly servings of total potatoes with whole grains lowered risk by 8%
    • Replacing baked, boiled, or mashed potatoes with whole grains lowered risk by 4%
    • Replacing French fries with whole grains lowered risk by 19%
    • Replacing total potatoes or baked, boiled, or mashed potatoes with white rice increased risk by 15%*

    And now for the meta-analysis** numbers:

    • Every extra three servings of total potatoes per week increased risk by 3%
    • Every extra three servings of fried potatoes per week increased risk by 16%
    • Replacing total potatoes with whole grains lowered risk by 7%
    • Replacing non-fried potatoes with whole grains lowered risk by 5%
    • Replacing fried potatoes with whole grains lowered risk by 17%

    *This figure wasn’t in the abstract we quoted above, but we found it in the full substitutions table lower down in the paper, where it’s expressed as a Hazard Ratio of 1.15, which equates to a 15% increase in risk.

    **A meta-analysis can be thought of as an “imaginary experiment” performed by collated existing data from other studies, running it through statistical models, and seeing what comes out. As you can see, the resultant numbers are slightly different, but the associations remain the same (i.e. the same additions/substitutions still give approximately the same relative increase/decrease in risk), which means the meta-analysis also supports the conclusions drawn from the empirical data.

    On which note, the full paper itself can be found here: Total and specific potato intake and risk of type 2 diabetes: results from three US cohort studies and a substitution meta-analysis of prospective cohorts

    That’s a lot of information; what’s most important?

    In few words:

    • Whole grains are the best
    • Non-fried potatoes are ok
    • White grains are bad
    • Fried potatoes are the worst

    Thus, substituting between those four categories will yield changes in risk proportional to how far apart they are from each other on that list.

    Furthermore, to answer the question posed in our introduction today (how often can one eat fries before it starts impacting health outcomes), the honest answer is: never, technically.

    See for example: Is Fast Food Really All That Bad? ← we realize that fries do not necessarily have to be fast food, but they share the nutritional profile being examined there.

    And while “one bad meal” will not impact long-term health, it will have an immediate negative impact on short-term health, due to its gut-disrupting activity. If it really was just a one-off meal, an otherwise healthy gut will bounce back just fine, but it’s another argument for the case of “the negative health effects do start immediately”.

    However, the dose does make the poison, and in this case, increments of 3 portions per week increased risk by 20%. We can say, therefore, that each portion per week increases the risk by 6.6%, and this risk is cumulative.

    On which note: what is a portion?

    • A portion is not: “however much you eat at once”
    • A portion is: “a 4–6 oz serving”

    So, if you have twice that at a sitting, that’s two portions. Thrice that at a sitting, and that’s the weekly 3 portions that increase the risk by 20%, already, in one day, and if you have more in the rest of the week, it will continue to add to the risk cumulatively.

    If you’d like to dial down the portion sizes while simultaneously enjoying what you eat more, there are two useful approaches you might want to consider (you can do both if you want; there’s no conflict between them, and in fact, they can go quite well together):

    Want to learn more?

    Check out:

    Carb-Strong or Carb-Wrong?

    Take care!

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  • Which Diet? Top Diets Ranked By Experts

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    A panel of 69 doctors and nutritionists examined the evidence for 38 diets, and scored them in 21 categories (e.g. best for weight loss, best for heart, best against diabetes, etc).

    We’ll not keep it a mystery: the Mediterranean diet has been ranked as “best overall” for the 8th year in a row.

    The Mediterranean (And Its Close Friends & Relations)

    We’ve written before about the Mediterranean diet, here:

    The Mediterranean Diet: What Is It Good For? ← What isn’t it good for?

    👆 the above article also delineates what does and doesn’t go in a Mediterranean diet—hint, it’s not just any food from the Mediterranean region!

    The Mediterranean diet’s strengths come from various factors including its good plant:animal ratio (leaning heavily on the plants), colorful fruit and veg minimally processed, and the fact that olive oil is the main source of fat:

    All About Olive Oil ← pretty much one of the healthiest fats we can consume, if not healthiest all-rounder fat

    The Mediterranean diet also won 1st place in various more specific categories, including:

    • Best against arthritis (followed by Dr. Weil’s Anti-inflammatory, MIND, DASH)
    • Best for mental health (followed by MIND, Flexitarian, DASH)
    • Best against diabetes (followed by Flexitarian, DASH, MIND)
    • best for liver regeneration (followed by Flexitarian, Vegan, DASH, MIND)
    • Best for gut heath (followed by Vegan, DASH, Flexitarian, MIND)

    If you’re not familiar with DASH and MIND, there are clues in their full names: Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension and Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay, and as you might well suspect, they are simply tweaked variations of the Mediterranean diet:

    Four Ways To Upgrade The Mediterranean ← DASH and MIND are the heart-healthiest and brain-healthiest versions of the Mediterranean; this article also includes a gut-healthiest version and a most anti-inflammatory version

    What aren’t those best for?

    The Mediterranean diet scored 1st or 2nd in most of the 21 categories, and usually had the other above-named diets keeping it company in the top few.

    When it comes to weight loss, the Mediterranean scored 2nd place and wasn’t flanked by its usual friends and relations; instead in first place was commercial diet WeightWatchers (likely helped a lot by being also a peer support group), and in third place was the Volumetrics diet, which we wrote about here:

    Some Surprising Truths About Hunger And Satiety

    And when it comes to rapid weight loss specifically, the Mediterranean didn’t even feature in the top spots at all, because it’s simply not an extreme diet and it prioritizes health over shedding the pounds at any cost. The top in that category were mostly commercial diets:

    1. Jenny Craig
    2. Slimfast
    3. Keto
    4. Nutrisystem
    5. WeightWatchers

    We’ve not as yet written about any of those commercial diets, but we have written about keto here:

    Ketogenic Diet: Burning Fat Or Burning Out?

    Want to know more?

    You can click around, exploring by diet or by health category, here 😎

    Enjoy!

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  • Thinner Leaner Stronger – by Michael Matthews

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    First, the elephant in the training room: this book does assume that you want to be thinner, leaner, and stronger. This is the companion book, written for women, to “Bigger, Stronger, Leaner”, which was written for men. Statistically, these assumptions are reasonable, even if the generalizations are imperfect. Also, this reviewer has a gripe with anything selling “thinner”. Leaner was already sufficient, and “stronger” is the key element here, so “thinner” is just marketing, and marketing something that’s often not unhealthy, to sell a book that’s actually full of good advice for building a healthy body.

    In other words: don’t judge a book by the cover, however eyeroll-worthy it may be.

    The book is broadly aimed at middle-aged readers, but boasts equal worth for young and old alike. If there’s something Matthews knows how to do well in his writing, it’s hedging his bets.

    As for what’s in the book: it’s diet and exercise advice, aimed at long-term implementation (i.e. not a crash course, but a lifestyle change), for maximum body composition change results while not doing anything silly (like many extreme short-term courses do) and not compromising other aspects of one’s health, while also not taking up an inordinate amount of time.

    The dietary advice is sensible, broadly consistent with what we’d advise here, and/but if you want to maximise your body composition change results, you’re going to need a pocket calculator (or be better than this writer is at mental arithmetic).

    The exercise advice is detailed, and a lot more specific than “lift things”; there are programs of specifically how many sets and reps and so forth, and when to increase the weights and when not to.

    A strength of this book is that it explains why all those numbers are what they are, instead of just expecting the reader to take on faith that the best for a given exercise is (for example) 3 sets of 8–10 reps of 70–75% of one’s single-rep max for that exercise. Because without the explanation, those numbers would seem very arbitrary indeed, and that wouldn’t help anyone stick with the program. And so on, for any advice he gives.

    The style is… A little flashy for this reader’s taste, a little salesy (and yes he does try to upsell to his personal coaching, but really, anything you need is in the book already), but when it comes down to it, all that gym-boy bravado doesn’t take away from the fact his advice is sound and helpful.

    Bottom line: if you would like your body to be the three things mentioned in the title, this book can certainly help you get there.

    Click here to check out Thinner Leaner Stronger, and become thinner, leaner, stronger!

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  • How Gluconolactone Restores Immune Regulation In Lupus

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    Let’s be clear up front: this will not cure lupus.

    However, it will interrupt the pathology of lupus in such a way as to, as the title says, restore immune regulation—so that your body stops attacking itself, or at the very least, attacks itself significantly less.

    What is gluconolactone anyway?

    Gluconolactone (also called glucono-δ-lactone) an oxidized derivative of glucose, when glucose is exposed to oxygen and a certain enzyme (glucose oxidase). It’s used in various food-related fermentation processes, and also helps such foods to have a tangy flavor.

    It’s also known as E575, showing that E-numbers need not always be scary 🙂

    How does it work?

    First, a recap on how lupus works: lupus is an autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks its own tissues, causing inflammation and organ damage (to oversimplify it in very few words).

    Next, how lupus is currently treated: mostly with immunosuppressant drugs, which reduce symptoms but have significant side effects, not least of all the fact that your immune system will be suppressed, leaving you vulnerable to infections, cancer, aging, and the like. So, there’s really a “damned if you do, damned if you don’t” aspect here (because untreated lupus will run your immune system into the ground with its chronic inflammation, which will also leave you vulnerable to the aforementioned things).

    See also: How to Prevent (or Reduce) Inflammation

    Now, how gluconolactone works: it increases the number of regulatory T-cells (also called “Tregs” by scientists who don’t want to have to say/write “regulatory T-cells” many times per day), which are the ones that tell the rest of your immune system what not to attack. It also inhibits pro-inflammatory T-helper-cells that are otherwise involved in autoimmune dysfunction.

    Where is the science for this?

    It’s a shiny new paper that covers three angles:

    • In lupus-suffering mouse in vivo studies, it improved Treg function and reduced inflammatory skin rashes
    • In human cell culture in vitro studies (with cell cultures from human lupus patients), it bolstered Treg count and improved immune regulation
    • In human patient in vivo studies, a gluconolactone cream controlled skin inflammation and improved the clinical and histologic appearance of the skin lesions within 2 weeks

    ❝These results suggest that gluconolactone could be a targeted treatment option with fewer side effects for autoimmune diseases such as lupus.

    Gluconolactone acts like a ‘power food’ for regulatory T cells—a real win-win situation for immune regulation❞

    ~ Dr. Antonios Kolios

    You can find the paper itself here:

    Gluconolactone restores immune regulation and alleviates skin inflammation in lupus-prone mice and in patients with cutaneous lupus

    Where can I get gluconolactone?

    At the moment, this is still in the clinical trials phase, so it’s not something you can get a prescription for yet, alas.

    But definitely keep an eye out for it!

    We would hypothesize that eating foods fermented with E575 (it’s sometimes used in feta cheese, hence today’s featured image, and it’s also often used as a pickling agent) may well help, but that’s just our hypothesis as it isn’t what was tested in the above studies.

    Want to learn more?

    In the meantime, if you’d like to learn more about lupus, we recommend this very comprehensive book:

    The Lupus Encyclopedia: A Comprehensive Guide For Patients & Healthcare Providers – by Dr. Donald Thomas et al.*

    *The “et al.” are: Jemima Albayda, MD; Divya Angra, MD; Alan N. Baer, MD; Sasha Bernatsky, MD, PhD; George Bertsias, MD, PhD; Ashira D. Blazer, MD; Ian Bruce, MD; Jill Buyon, MD; Yashaar Chaichian, MD; Maria Chou, MD; Sharon Christie, Esq; Angelique N. Collamer, MD; Ashté Collins, MD; Caitlin O. Cruz, MD; Mark M. Cruz, MD; Dana DiRenzo, MD; Jess D. Edison, MD; Titilola Falasinnu, PhD; Andrea Fava, MD; Cheri Frey, MD; Neda F. Gould, PhD; Nishant Gupta, MD; Sarthak Gupta, MD; Sarfaraz Hasni, MD; David Hunt, MD; Mariana J. Kaplan, MD; Alfred Kim, MD; Deborah Lyu Kim, DO; Rukmini Konatalapalli, MD; Fotios Koumpouras, MD; Vasileios C. Kyttaris, MD; Jerik Leung, MPH; Hector A. Medina, MD; Timothy Niewold, MD; Julie Nusbaum, MD; Ginette Okoye, MD; Sarah L. Patterson, MD; Ziv Paz, MD; Darryn Potosky, MD; Rachel C. Robbins, MD; Neha S. Shah, MD; Matthew A. Sherman, MD; Yevgeniy Sheyn, MD; Julia F. Simard, ScD; Jonathan Solomon, MD; Rodger Stitt, MD; George Stojan, MD; Sangeeta Sule, MD; Barbara Taylor, CPPM, CRHC; George Tsokos, MD; Ian Ward, MD; Emma Weeding, MD; Arthur Weinstein, MD; Sean A. Whelton, MD

    The reason we mention this is to render it clear that this isn’t one man’s opinions (as happens with many books about certain topics), but rather, a panel of that many doctors all agreeing that this is correct and good, evidence-based, up-to-date (as of the publication of this latest revised edition) information.

    Take care!

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  • Neuroaffirming care values the strengths and differences of autistic people, those with ADHD or other profiles. Here’s how

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    We’ve come a long way in terms of understanding that everyone thinks, interacts and experiences the world differently. In the past, autistic people, people with attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) and other profiles were categorised by what they struggled with or couldn’t do.

    The concept of neurodiversity, developed by autistic activists in the 1990s, is an emerging area. It promotes the idea that different brains (“neurotypes”) are part of the natural variation of being human – just like “biodiversity” – and they are vital for our survival.

    This idea is now being applied to research and to care. At the heart of the National Autism Strategy, currently in development, is neurodiversity-affirming (neuroaffirming) care and practice. But what does this look like?

    Unsplash

    Reframing differences

    Neurodiversity challenges the traditional medical model of disability, which views neurological differences solely through a lens of deficits and disorders to be treated or cured.

    Instead, it reframes it as a different, and equally valuable, way of experiencing and navigating the world. It emphasises the need for brains that are different from what society considers “neurotypical”, based on averages and expectations. The term “neurodivergent” is applied to Autistic people, those with ADHD, dyslexia and other profiles.

    Neuroaffirming care can take many forms depending on each person’s needs and context. It involves accepting and valuing different ways of thinking, learning and experiencing the world. Rather than trying to “fix” or change neurodivergent people to fit into a narrow idea of what’s considered “normal” or “better”, neuroaffirming care takes a person-centered, strengths-based approach. It aims to empower and support unique needs and strengths.

    girl sits on couch with colourful fidget toy
    Neuroaffirming care can look different in a school or clinical setting. Shutterstock/Inna Reznik

    Adaptation and strengths

    Drawing on the social model of disability, neuroaffirming care acknowledges there is often disability associated with being different, especially in a world not designed for neurodivergent people. This shift focuses away from the person having to adapt towards improving the person-environment fit.

    This can include providing accommodations and adapting environments to make them more accessible. More importantly, it promotes “thriving” through greater participation in society and meaningful activities.

    At school, at work, in clinic

    In educational settings, this might involve using universal design for learning that benefits all learners.

    For example, using systematic synthetic phonics to teach reading and spelling for students with dyslexia can benefit all students. It also could mean incorporating augmentative and alternative communication, such as speech-generating devices, into the classroom.

    Teachers might allow extra time for tasks, or allow stimming (repetitive movements or noises) for self-regulation and breaks when needed.

    In therapy settings, neuroaffirming care may mean a therapist grows their understanding of autistic culture and learns about how positive social identity can impact self-esteem and wellbeing.

    They may make efforts to bridge the gap in communication between different neurotypes, known as the double empathy problem. For example, the therapist may avoid relying on body language or facial expressions (often different in autistic people) to interpret how a client is feeling, instead of listening carefully to what the client says.

    Affirming therapy approaches with children involve “tuning into” their preferred way of communicating, playing and engaging. This can bring meaningful connection rather than compliance to “neurotypical” ways of playing and relating.

    In workplaces, it can involve flexible working arrangements (hours, patterns and locations), allowing different modes of communication (such as written rather than phone calls) and low-sensory workspaces (for example, low-lighting, low-noise office spaces).

    In public spaces, it can look like providing a “sensory space”, such as at large concerts, where neurodivergent people can take a break and self-regulate if needed. And staff can be trained to recognise, better understand and assist with hidden disabilities.

    Combining lived experience and good practice

    Care is neuroaffirmative when it centres “lived experience” in its design and delivery, and positions people with disability as experts.

    As a result of being “different”, people in the neurodivergent community experience high rates of bullying and abuse. So neuroaffirming care should be combined with a trauma-informed approach, which acknowledges the need to understand a person’s life experiences to provide effective care.

    Culturally responsive care acknowledges limited access to support for culturally and racially marginalised Autistic people and higher rates of LGBTQIA+ identification in the neurodivergent community.

    open meeting room with people putting ideas on colourful notes on wall
    In the workplace, we can acknowledge how difference can fuel ideas. Unsplash/Jason Goodman

    Authentic selves

    The draft National Autism Strategy promotes awareness that our population is neurodiverse. It hopes to foster a more inclusive and understanding society.

    It emphasises the societal and public health responsibilities for supporting neurodivergent people via public education, training, policy and legislation. By providing spaces and places where neurodivergent people can be their authentic, unmasked selves, we are laying the foundations for feeling seen, valued, safe and, ultimately, happy and thriving.

    The author would like to acknowledge the assistance of psychologist Victoria Gottliebsen in drafting this article. Victoria is a member of the Oversight Council for the National Autism Strategy.

    Josephine Barbaro, Associate Professor, Principal Research Fellow, Psychologist, La Trobe University

    This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

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  • A Surprising Extra Way Exercise Fights Dementia

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    We often say “what’s good for your heart is good for your brain”, because the former feeds the latter (with oxygen and nutrients) and helps clear away detritus. It can’t do that without good circulation.

    For that reason, we have written such articles as: What’s Your Vascular Dementia Risk? ← includes actual numbers and a risk calculator tool and things like that 😎

    And it’s not just cardio! It’s been established that doing strength-training (for example, lifting weights or doing calisthenics) can improve brain health too; see: Can Strength Training Fight Dementia?

    For more on how each approach offers different benefits, see: Cardio vs Strength Training: Which Is Better For Brain Health? ← it depends on which aspect(s) of brain health!

    But today, we’ll be looking at some new science shining light on a newly-discovered mechanism of action:

    Mitochondrial migration

    When your body moves, so do your mitochondria! Not just in the sense of “your body is made of cells, and those cells contain mitochondria, so they move with everything else”, but in the sense of “they migrate from cell to cell”.

    Researchers (Dr. Toshiki Inaba et al.) examined how low-intensity exercise protects the brain after stroke and in dementia by triggering the transfer of mitochondria from muscle to brain cells via platelets.

    How this happens: exercise increases mitochondrial production in muscle and blood, with platelets acting as carriers that deliver these mitochondria to neurons, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes in the brain.

    In mouse models (because the ethics board wouldn’t let the researchers dissect human participants’ brains after a study) they found that mice that performed treadmill exercise showed less white matter and myelin damage, better movement and memory, and fewer post-stroke complications than non-exercising mice.

    This happened, the researchers discovered, because the transferred mitochondria helped brain cells survive low-oxygen conditions in damaged areas and the surrounding penumbra, facilitating repair and reducing neuroinflammation-related injury.

    They also found that the migration of muscle-derived mitochondria improved the survival of neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes under oxygen–glucose deprivation and hypoxia (so, it improves the body’s defences against the threat in stroke and/or vascular dementia).

    You can read the paper itself in full, here: Mitochondrial Intercellular Transfer via Platelets After Physical Training Exerts Neuro-Glial Protection Against Cerebral Ischemia

    Can it be done without exercise? Maybe! The researchers hypothesize that mitochondrial transfer via platelet transfusion could allow frail or otherwise relevantly disabled patients to enjoy exercise-like neuroprotection without physical exertion.

    But for now, exercise seems to be the best way.

    The good news is, it doesn’t have to be a lot! This is consistent with what we wrote previously on the topic of light exercise and Alzheimer’s, here:

    How Many Steps Per Day To Beat Alzheimer’s? (A Lot Fewer Than You Might Think)

    However, if you do want to supplement your exercise with other methods of improving your mitochondrial mobility and thus general good health, then do check out:

    7 Ways To Boost Mitochondrial Health To Fight Disease

    Want to learn more?

    For a much deeper dive, you might like this book that we reviewed a little while back:

    Healthy Heart, Healthy Brain: The Personalized Path to Protect Your Memory, Prevent Heart Attacks and Strokes, and Avoid Chronic Illness – by Dr. Amy Doneen & Dr. Bradley Bale

    Take care!

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